北京软化与维吾尔族穆斯林打交道的基调
请看博讯热点：新疆问题
(博讯北京时间2011年3月13日 转载)
译者：Sinan(维吾尔在线通讯员，中文维吾尔在线首发）
“我们仍然需要一些时间来恢复与少数民族群体之间的感情”张告诉记者。 (博讯 boxun.com)
随着中东革命动乱波及中国，北京在解决新疆穆斯林群体问题上软化基调。
据加拿大媒体报道，新疆党委书记张春贤在三月八日两会期间对记者说“我想告诉每个人即便他们的长相、文化和性格可能不同，但他们仍是
中华多民族大家庭中最好的成员之一。”
“如果我们想长治久安，我们必须保证人民可以共享改革开放的成就。”
在过去的二十年里，中国官方采取强压政策以避免新疆穆斯林群体动乱的爆发。
2009年7月，在新疆首府乌鲁木齐，维吾尔人发泄了针对中共强硬政策的怨恨，并迅速演变成暴乱。
接下来几天，看到十余年来最大的少数民族动乱，大量愤怒的汉人也冲上街头寻求复仇。
根据官方数据，此次事件导致近200人死亡，1700多人受伤。而维吾尔人认为真实的数字要远高于此。
中国官方对约200人判刑，其中绝大多数是维吾尔人，其中26人被判死刑。
中东革命后，在已安装的成千上万个监视录像头的基础上，中国官方又增加了一万七千个录像头。
在谴责中国对维吾尔人的政策时，大赦国际周一表示，自2009年事件之后，中国已秘密起诉一些温和批评中共政府的维吾尔知识分子。
政府控制新疆的政策和双语教学是影响新疆稳定的主要原因。
针对维吾尔网络管理员和作者被抓一事，大赦国际亚太副理事Catherine Baber说“这些秘密审判给生活在中国的维吾尔知识分子和作者带来了
恐怖的气氛。”
歧视
张承认歧视新疆维吾尔人是一个亟待解决的问题。
“我们仍然需要一些时间来恢复与少数民族群体之间的感情”他说。
即便他没有宣布有重要政策改变，张的口吻暗含了不太刺耳的修辞。
张在处理“分裂破坏活动”中一直采取强硬手段，并称用任何手段予以打击。
新疆自1955年成为自治区以来一直是中国政府大规模镇压的主体。
人权组织指责中国政府以打击边境恐怖势力为名镇压八百万维吾尔人的宗教信仰。
穆斯林埋怨政府向新疆地区安置上百万汉人，他们认为，这最终将消除穆斯林的身份和文化。
分析家称出于巩固政权考虑的移民政策使在疆汉人比例由上世纪40年代的5%上升到目前的40%以上。
由于临近中亚的战略地理位置和丰富的油气资源，北京视新疆大部分地区为宝贵的资产。
张说中共还需要做很多来赢得新疆人民的信任和支持。
他强调当地的主要问题是社会稳定、不平衡的增长和落后的交通网。
“关键是赢取人民的心，并得到他们的支持”张说。
“如果新疆所有人民都支持这个政权，并且他们充分自信，这个地区就会变得坚如磐石。”
不过，他排除了中东革命会波及新疆地区。
“我完全相信新疆的稳定”他说。
“我一点都不担心。但是我必须在技术层面从中东吸取教训。”
张建议新疆的2160万人民——其中2/3是少数民族——需要更多地成为中国社会主流的一部分。“这个地区必须科学发展，人民必须是现代化的
公民。”
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英文语文全文 China Softens Tone on Uighur Muslims
OnIslam & News Agencies
Tuesday, 08 March 2011
“We still need some time to restore good feelings between the ethnic groups,” Zhang told reporters.
BEIJING – With the echoes of revolutions in the Middle East is reaching as far as China, Beijing is softening tone in dealing with the Muslim minority in the western region of Xinjiang.
“I want to tell everyone that although their features may be different, their culture different, their personalities different, they are still the best members of China's mixed ethnic family,” Zhang Chunxian, Xinjiang's Communist Party chief, told reporters on the sidelines of China's annual legislative session in Beijing on Tuesday, March 8, the Canadian Press reported.
“If we want long-lasting stability, we must ensure the people can really enjoy and benefit from the fruits of reform and opening up.”
Over the past two decades, Chinese officials sharpened authoritarian social control strategies to avoid the eruption of unrest in the Muslim-majority Xinjiang.
Last year, Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang, erupted in violence when the mainly Muslim Uighur minority vented resentment over Chinese restrictions in the region.
In the following days, mobs of angry Han took to the streets looking for revenge in the worst ethnic violence that China had seen in decades.
The unrest left nearly 200 dead and 1,700 injured, according to government figures. But Uighurs affirm the toll was much higher and mainly from their community.
China’s authorities have convicted about 200 people, mostly Uighurs, over the riots and sentenced 26 of them to death.
Following the eruption of Middle East revolutions, Chinese officials added about 17,000 surveillance cameras to the tens of thousands already installed in Urumqi.
Condemning China’s policy on Uighur Muslims, Amnesty International said Monday that China has secretly prosecuted several Uighur intellectuals for peacefully expressing views critical of the Chinese government following the 2009 riots.
Moreover, it confirmed that the Chinese policies to control religion and undermine teaching in minority languages are some of the main reasons for instability in Xinjiang.
“These secret trials are creating an atmosphere of terror for Uighur intellectuals and writers living in China,” said Catherine Baber, Amnesty's Asia-Pacific deputy director, referring to the jailing of Uighur webmasters and writers.
Discrimination
Zhang acknowledged that discrimination against Xinjiang's Uighur Muslims was a problem that needed to be addressed.
“We still need some time to restore good feelings between the ethnic groups,” he said.
Though he announced no major policy changes, the softened tone in his comments suggested a less strident rhetorical approach in Xinjiang.
Zhang has taken a tougher line in the past, railing against Xinjiang's "separatist sabotage activities" and saying they must be attacked "in all their forms."
Xinjiang has been autonomous since 1955 but continues to be the subject of massive security crackdowns by Chinese authorities.
Rights groups accuse Chinese authorities of religious repression against Uighur Muslims, a Turkish-speaking minority of eight million, in Xinjiang in the name of counter terrorism.
Muslims accuses the government of settling millions of ethnic Han in their territory with the ultimate goal of obliterating its identity and culture.
And analysts say the policy of transferring Han Chinese to Xinjiang to consolidate Beijing's authority has increased the proportion of Han in the region from five percent in the 1940s to more than 40 percent now.
Beijing views the vast region of Xinjiang as an invaluable asset because of its crucial strategic location near Central Asia and its large oil and gas reserves.
Duping the new softened tone, Zhang said the Communist leadership needs to do more to win the trust and support of Xinjiang's people.
He highlighted main problems in the region as social instability, unbalanced growth and poor transportation links.
“The key is to win people's hearts, and to have people's support,” Zhang said.
“If all the people in Xinjiang support this regime, and they are confident in themselves, then (the region) can become solid as rock.”
He, however, ruled out that revolutions in the Middle East could spread to the Muslim-majority region.
"I have total confidence at the moment in Xinjiang's stability,” he said.
“I have no worries at all. But I must learn the lessons, on a technical level, from the Middle East.”
Zhang also suggested that Xinjiang's 21.6 million people, almost two-thirds of whom are minorities, needed to become more a part of mainstream Chinese society."This region must be a scientific one; the people must be modern citizens.”
_(博讯自由发稿区发稿) (博讯 boxun.com)
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